Mesenchymal stem cells (MSC) through their unique properties to renew and differentiate into various cell lines are great expectation for use in regenerative medicine. In this paper based on a literature review, data on cells and their potential use in treatment or minimizing complications of diseases such as cartilage disorders, cardiovascular diseases, nervous system diseases, liver diseases, diabetes type 1 and chronic wounds were presented. However, the studies indicate that to make therapy involving the MSC a primary option for clinical treatment further research on these cells and more accurate understanding of the interaction between the related processes and diseases so far incurable are necessary.

Key words: multipotent stem cells, cardiovascular diseases, chronic wounds, cell- and tissue-based therapy.