The dermatophytosis of the scalp is an extrinsic infection caused by antrophilic, zoophilic and geophilicdermatophytes. It affects hair and the scalp. Over the last thirty years a constant increase in the dermatophytosis of the scalp has been observed. The disease alone is mainly observed in prepubertal children. The infection in children affects only the capillar skin, whereas in adults – also the chin skin is affected (tineabarbae). The main ethiologic agents responsible for the scalp dermatophytosis are: Trichophyton violaceum, Trichophyton tonsurans, Trichophyton schoenleini, Trichophyton mentagrophytes (gypseum), Trichophyton verrucosum, Microsporum audouinii and Microsporum canis. The paper provides a classification of the dermatophytoses, etiology, treatment and some brief description of its types is given. The general therapy is indicated. The topical therapy is only the treatment of support. Gryzeofulvine, terbinafine, fluconazole, itraconazole are the main drugs used in the therapy. The therapy lasts for 6–8 weeks. In case of the therapeutic failure, it may be prolonged up to 12 weeks. In patients with scalp dermatophytosis, especially in the microsporus type dermatophytosis, the total hair epilation is indicated.

Key words: clinical types of dermatophytosis of the scalp, etiology, prevention.